Asperholm Martin, van Leuven Livia, Herlitz Agneta
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Psychol. 2020 Apr 17;11:613. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00613. eCollection 2020.
Men as a group have been shown to have larger variances than women in several areas pertaining to both biological and psychological traits, but no investigation has been performed in regard to episodic memory. We conducted an analysis on sex differences in episodic memory variance on 535 studies, representing 962,946 individuals, conducted between 1973 and 2013. Results showed that men had larger variances than women in verbal episodic memory tasks as well as episodic memory tasks having to do with spatial locations. Women, on the other hand, had larger variance than men for tasks involving remembering routes. These effects were for the most part small, and exploratory analyses suggest that they might come about, at least in part, because of measures not sufficiently controlled for ceiling effects. This means that the effects should be interpreted with caution and that further research on sex differences in episodic memory variance is needed.
在与生物和心理特征相关的几个领域中，男性群体的方差已被证明比女性更大，但尚未针对情景记忆进行过调查。我们对1973年至2013年间进行的535项研究（涉及962,946名个体）的情景记忆方差的性别差异进行了分析。结果表明，在言语情景记忆任务以及与空间位置有关的情景记忆任务中，男性的方差比女性大。另一方面，在涉及记忆路线的任务中，女性的方差比男性大。这些影响大多较小，探索性分析表明，它们可能至少部分是由于对天花板效应控制不足的测量方法造成的。这意味着对这些影响的解释应谨慎，并且需要对情景记忆方差的性别差异进行进一步研究。
