Bancroft Betsy A, Baker Nick J, Blaustein Andrew R
Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2007 Apr;10(4):332-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01022.x.
Ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation is a global stressor with potentially far-reaching ecological impacts. In the first quantitative analysis of the effects of UVB on aquatic organisms, we used meta-analytic techniques to explore the effects of UVB on survival and growth in freshwater and marine systems. Based on the large body of literature on the effects of UVB in aquatic systems, we predicted that UVB would have different effects in different habitats, experimental venues, trophic groups and life history stages. Contrary to our predictions, we found an overall negative effect of UVB on both survival and growth that crossed life histories, trophic groups, habitats and experimental venues. UVB had larger negative effects on growth in embryos compared with later life history stages. Despite the overall negative effect of UVB, effect sizes varied widely. In the survival analyses, no relationship between mean effect size and taxonomic groups or levels of exposure to UVB was detected. In the growth analyses, a larger negative effect on protozoans was observed. Our analyses suggest that the effects of UVB in aquatic systems are large and negative but highly variable between organisms. Variation in susceptibility may have important implications for population and community structure.
紫外线B（UVB）辐射是一种全球性应激源，具有潜在的深远生态影响。在对UVB对水生生物影响的首次定量分析中，我们运用元分析技术探究UVB对淡水和海洋系统中生物生存及生长的影响。基于大量有关UVB对水生系统影响的文献，我们预测UVB在不同栖息地、实验场所、营养级组和生活史阶段会产生不同影响。与我们的预测相反，我们发现UVB对生存和生长均产生了总体负面影响，这种影响跨越了生活史、营养级组、栖息地和实验场所。与后期生活史阶段相比，UVB对胚胎生长的负面影响更大。尽管UVB具有总体负面影响，但其效应大小差异很大。在生存分析中，未检测到平均效应大小与分类群或UVB暴露水平之间的关系。在生长分析中，观察到对原生动物的负面影响更大。我们的分析表明，UVB在水生系统中的影响巨大且为负面，但不同生物之间差异很大。易感性的差异可能对种群和群落结构具有重要意义。
