Schmiedl Tim, Seifert Udo
II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2007 Mar 9;98(10):108301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.108301. Epub 2007 Mar 7.
For a small system like a colloidal particle or a single biomolecule embedded in a heat bath, the optimal protocol of an external control parameter minimizes the mean work required to drive the system from one given equilibrium state to another in a finite time. In general, this optimal protocol obeys an integro-differential equation. Explicit solutions both for a moving laser trap and a time-dependent strength of such a trap show finite jumps of the optimal protocol to be typical both at the beginning and at the end of the process.
对于像嵌入热浴中的胶体粒子或单个生物分子这样的小系统，外部控制参数的最优协议会使在有限时间内将系统从一个给定平衡态驱动到另一个平衡态所需的平均功最小化。一般来说，这个最优协议服从一个积分 - 微分方程。移动激光阱以及这种阱的随时间变化强度的显式解都表明，最优协议在过程开始和结束时出现有限跳跃是很典型的。
