Mørkved Siv, Salvesen Kjell Asmund, Schei Berit, Lydersen Stian, Bø Kari
Clinical Service and National Center for Fetal Medicine, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(3):276-82. doi: 10.1080/00016340601089651.
Prevention of lumbopelvic pain in pregnancy has been sparsely studied. One aim of this study was to assess if a 12-week training program during pregnancy can prevent and/or treat lumbopelvic pain. A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Trondheim University Hospital and three outpatient physiotherapy clinics. Three hundred and one healthy nulliparous women were included at 20 weeks of pregnancy and randomly allocated to a training group (148) or a control group (153).
The outcome measures were self-reported symptoms of lumbopelvic pain (once per week or more), sick leave, and functional status. Pain drawing was used to document the painful area of the body. The intervention included daily pelvic floor muscle training at home, and weekly group training over 12 weeks including aerobic exercises, pelvic floor muscle and additional exercises, and information related to pregnancy.
At 36 weeks of gestation women in the training group were significantly less likely to report lumbopelvic pain: 65/148 (44%) versus 86/153 (56%) (p=0.03). Three months after delivery the difference was 39/148 (26%) in the training group versus 56/153 (37%) in the control group (p=0.06). There was no difference in sick leave during pregnancy, but women in the training group had significantly (p=0.01) higher scores on functional status.
A 12-week specially designed training program during pregnancy was effective in preventing lumbopelvic pain in pregnancy.
孕期腰骨盆疼痛的预防研究较少。本研究的一个目的是评估孕期12周的训练计划是否可以预防和/或治疗腰骨盆疼痛。在特隆赫姆大学医院和三家门诊物理治疗诊所进行了一项随机对照试验。301名健康未生育女性在怀孕20周时被纳入研究，并随机分为训练组（148名）和对照组（153名）。
结局指标为自我报告的腰骨盆疼痛症状（每周一次或更多）、病假和功能状态。疼痛绘图用于记录身体的疼痛区域。干预措施包括在家中进行每日盆底肌肉训练，以及在12周内进行每周一次的小组训练，包括有氧运动、盆底肌肉和其他运动，以及与怀孕相关的信息。
在妊娠36周时，训练组女性报告腰骨盆疼痛的可能性显著降低：65/148（44%）对比86/153（56%）（p = 0.03）。产后三个月，训练组为39/148（26%），对照组为56/153（37%）（p = 0.06）。孕期病假无差异，但训练组女性的功能状态得分显著更高（p = 0.01）。
孕期12周特别设计的训练计划对预防孕期腰骨盆疼痛有效。
