Uranova Natalya, Bonartsev Pavel, Brusov Oleg, Morozova Margarita, Rachmanova Valentina, Orlovskaya Diana
Laboratory of Clinical Neuropathology, Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2007;8(1):30-7. doi: 10.1080/15622970600960207.
Replicated abnormalities in schizophrenia include decreased cellular immunity. The aim of the study was to verify whether there are some abnormalities in the ultrastructure of lymphocytes in drug-free schizophrenic patients.
Fifty-nine in-patients with paranoid schizophrenia (DSM-IV 295.30) and 31 normal controls were used. Psychosis severity was assessed by the PANSS psychotic cluster. Electron microscopy and morphometric methods were applied to estimate the frequency and ultrastructural parameters of small, large, large activated lymphocytes (LAL) (containing 10 and more mitochondria) and of atypical lymphocytes (lymphoblasts, LB).
The frequency of small lymphocytes in schizophrenic patients was lower and that of large lymphocytes, LAL and LB was higher than in controls (all p= < 0.01). The volume density (Vv) of mitochondria in LAL in individuals with schizophrenia was lower than in controls (p<0.05), correlated negatively with the frequency of LB, Vv and number of lysosomes in LB (all p<0.01) and with the psychosis severity (p<0.05). In schizophrenic patients a trend towards positive correlations between the frequency of LB and psychosis severity were found (p<0.07).
The data suggest that the excess of LB in schizophrenic patients is associated with the dysfunction of energy metabolism in LAL, and these abnormalities are related to schizophrenia.
精神分裂症中反复出现的异常包括细胞免疫功能下降。本研究的目的是验证未服用药物的精神分裂症患者淋巴细胞超微结构是否存在异常。
选取59例偏执型精神分裂症住院患者（DSM-IV 295.30）和31名正常对照者。采用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）的精神病性因子评估精神病严重程度。应用电子显微镜和形态计量学方法估计小淋巴细胞、大淋巴细胞、大激活淋巴细胞（LAL，含有10个及以上线粒体）和非典型淋巴细胞（成淋巴细胞，LB）的频率及超微结构参数。
精神分裂症患者中小淋巴细胞的频率低于对照组，而大淋巴细胞、LAL和LB的频率高于对照组（均p<0.01）。精神分裂症患者中LAL中线粒体的体积密度（Vv）低于对照组（p<0.05），与LB的频率、LB的Vv和溶酶体数量均呈负相关（均p<0.01），并与精神病严重程度呈负相关（p<0.05）。在精神分裂症患者中，发现LB频率与精神病严重程度之间存在正相关趋势（p<0.07）。
数据表明，精神分裂症患者中LB过多与LAL能量代谢功能障碍有关，且这些异常与精神分裂症相关。
