van Ooijen Gerben, van den Burg Harrold A, Cornelissen Ben J C, Takken Frank L W
Plant Pathology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2007;45:43-72. doi: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.45.062806.094430.
Gene-for-gene resistance in plants is based on the presence of a resistance (R) gene in the host and a matching Avirulence (Avr) gene in the pathogen. Many R genes have been cloned over the past two decades, mostly from the Solanaceae. The gene products, called R proteins, display modular domain structures. R protein function has recently been shown to require dynamic interactions between the various domains. In addition to these intramolecular interactions, R proteins interact with other proteins to form signaling complexes that are able to activate an innate immune response that arrests proliferation of the invading pathogen, thereby conferring disease resistance. In this review, we summarize current understanding of R protein structure and function, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of defense signaling processes. As well as being a rich source for R genes, Solanaceae are a leading model system in which to study inter- and intramolecular interactions of R proteins.
植物中的基因对基因抗性是基于宿主中存在抗性（R）基因以及病原体中存在匹配的无毒（Avr）基因。在过去二十年中，许多R基因已被克隆，大部分来自茄科。这些基因产物称为R蛋白，具有模块化结构域。最近的研究表明，R蛋白功能需要不同结构域之间的动态相互作用。除了这些分子内相互作用外，R蛋白还与其他蛋白质相互作用形成信号复合物，从而激活先天性免疫反应，阻止入侵病原体的增殖，进而赋予抗病性。在本综述中，我们总结了目前对R蛋白结构和功能的理解，以及防御信号传导过程激活的分子机制。茄科不仅是R基因的丰富来源，也是研究R蛋白分子间和分子内相互作用的主要模式系统。
