Morris Jodi, van Ommeren Mark, Belfer Myron, Saxena Shekhar, Saraceno Benedetto
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.
Disasters. 2007 Mar;31(1):71-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7717.2007.00341.x.
Most of the world's children live in resource-poor countries where people are at a relatively high risk of exposure to catastrophic situations arising from conflict and natural disasters.(6) Given the potential social, psychological and psychiatric consequences of exposure to disaster, mental health and psychosocial support programmes are increasingly part of humanitarian aid. A minimum standard on mental and social aspects of health is included in the recently revised Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response (Sphere Handbook) (Sphere Project, 2004). Most recommendations for mental health and psychosocial interventions in guidance documents are based on expert opinion rather than research. Consequently, interventions are being implemented without full understanding of their potential benefit or harm. This paper offers a child-focused review of the evidence for each of the interventions described as indicators for the Sphere standard on mental and social aspects of health. It suggests some, but limited, support for each of them. However, the evidence base needs substantial strengthening.
世界上大多数儿童生活在资源匮乏的国家，在这些国家，人们面临冲突和自然灾害引发的灾难性状况的风险相对较高。（6）鉴于接触灾害可能产生的社会、心理和精神后果，心理健康和社会心理支持项目日益成为人道主义援助的一部分。最近修订的《人道主义宪章和灾害应对最低标准》（《斯phere手册》）（斯phere项目，2004年）纳入了关于健康的心理和社会方面的最低标准。指导文件中关于心理健康和社会心理干预的大多数建议是基于专家意见而非研究。因此，在实施干预措施时，并未充分了解其潜在的益处或危害。本文针对被描述为《斯phere手册》健康心理和社会方面标准指标的每项干预措施，以儿童为重点对相关证据进行了综述。文中表明对其中每项措施都有一些但有限的支持。然而，证据基础需要大力加强。
