Hasenfratz M, Thut G, Bättig K
Comparative Physiology and Behavioral Biology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1992;106(1):39-44. doi: 10.1007/BF02253586.
The present study was an attempt to monitor continuously and in parallel cigarette consumption, heart rate, and physical activity under field conditions. In a first experiment the test-retest reliability of the recording devices was evaluated with a small number of nonsmoking students on days with similar schedules. The intraday development of heart rate and activity revealed a remarkable intraindividual stability, and the test-retest reliability coefficients calculated between the totals of heart rate and activity revealed values of 0.73 and higher for heart rate and 0.47 and higher for activity on comparable days. The second experiment was done with housewives as subjects to see whether heart rate and/or activity might differentiate smokers from nonsmokers in subjects who are less strictly bound to a fixed daily work program. The smoker/nonsmoker comparisons revealed significantly higher heart rates for smokers but almost identical activity readings. In a third experiment it was tested whether partial smoking abstinence in the morning might differentiate the morning and afternoon heart rates in smokers. Heart rate but not activity was significantly decreased during the abstinence period. Taken together, the simultaneous monitoring of heart rate and activity might be a valuable instrument in smoking research, since it is sensitive enough to detect manipulations of the smoking behavior under natural conditions.
本研究试图在实际环境中持续并行监测香烟消耗量、心率和身体活动情况。在第一个实验中，在日程安排相似的日子里，对少量不吸烟的学生评估了记录设备的重测信度。心率和活动的日内变化显示出个体内部的显著稳定性，在可比日子里，计算得出的心率总和与活动总和之间的重测信度系数显示，心率的值为0.73及以上，活动的值为0.47及以上。第二个实验以家庭主妇为受试者，以观察在不太严格遵循固定日常工作安排的受试者中，心率和/或活动是否能区分吸烟者和非吸烟者。吸烟者与非吸烟者的比较显示，吸烟者的心率显著更高，但活动读数几乎相同。在第三个实验中，测试了早上部分戒烟是否能区分吸烟者上午和下午的心率。在戒烟期间，心率显著下降，但活动没有显著变化。综上所述，同时监测心率和活动可能是吸烟研究中的一种有价值的手段，因为它足够灵敏，能够在自然条件下检测到吸烟行为的变化。
