Jacob Christian P, Romanos Jasmin, Dempfle Astrid, Heine Monika, Windemuth-Kieselbach Christine, Kruse Anja, Reif Andreas, Walitza Susanne, Romanos Marcel, Strobel Alexander, Brocke Burkhard, Schäfer Helmut, Schmidtke Armin, Böning Jobst, Lesch Klaus-Peter
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Fuechsleinstr. 15, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007 Sep;257(6):309-17. doi: 10.1007/s00406-007-0722-6. Epub 2007 Apr 1.
The prevalence and consequences of co-morbid axis-I and axis-II disorders as well as personality traits were examined in a large cohort of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AADHD) at a tertiary referral center.
In- and outpatients referred for diagnostic assessment of AADHD were screened. 372 affected probands were examined by means of the Structured Clinical Interview of DSM-IV axis-I/II disorders, the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), and the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ).
Lifetime co-morbidity with mood disorders was 57.3%, with anxiety disorders 27.2%, and with substance use disorders 45.0%. The histrionic personality disorder (35.2%) was the most frequent personality disorder. AADHD patients exhibited significantly altered scores on most of the NEO-PI-R and TPQ personality dimensions. The extent of substance abuse and dependence, as well as the presence of antisocial personality disorder alone or the cumulative number of other specific personality disorders was associated with lower psychosocial status (p<.0001).
In a cohort of patients with AADHD referred to a single tertiary center co-morbidity with axis-I/II disorders was remarkably prevalent. In AADHD co-morbid mood, anxiety, and personality disorders as well as substance abuse/dependence is likely to be predictive of poor outcome.
在一家三级转诊中心，对一大群成年注意缺陷多动障碍（AADHD）患者共病的轴I和轴II障碍以及人格特质的患病率和后果进行了研究。
对因AADHD诊断评估前来就诊的门诊和住院患者进行筛查。通过DSM-IV轴I/II障碍的结构化临床访谈、修订版大五人格问卷（NEO-PI-R）和三维人格问卷（TPQ）对372名受影响的先证者进行检查。
终生共病情绪障碍的比例为57.3%，共病焦虑障碍的比例为27.2%，共病物质使用障碍的比例为45.0%。表演型人格障碍（35.2%）是最常见的人格障碍。AADHD患者在大多数NEO-PI-R和TPQ人格维度上的得分有显著改变。物质滥用和依赖的程度，以及单独存在的反社会人格障碍或其他特定人格障碍的累积数量与较低的社会心理状态相关（p<0.0001）。
在转诊至单一三级中心的AADHD患者队列中，与轴I/II障碍的共病非常普遍。在AADHD中，共病情绪、焦虑和人格障碍以及物质滥用/依赖可能预示着不良预后。
