Vandecasteele Marie, Deniau Jean-Michel, Glowinski Jacques, Venance Laurent
Dynamique et Pathophysiologie des Réseaux Neuronaux, INSERM U667, Collège de France.
Rev Neurosci. 2007;18(1):15-35. doi: 10.1515/revneuro.2007.18.1.15.
The basal ganglia (BG) provide a major integrative system of the forebrain involved in the organization of goal-directed behaviour. Pathological alteration of BG function leads to major motor and cognitive impairments such as observed in Parkinson's disease. Recent advances in BG research stress the role of neural oscillations and synchronization in the normal and pathological function of BG. As demonstrated in several brain structures, these patterns of neural activity can emerge from electrically coupled neuronal networks. This review aims at addressing the presence, functionality and putative role of electrical synapses in BG, with a particular emphasis on the striatum and the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), two main BG nuclei in which the existence and functional properties of neuronal coupling are best documented.
基底神经节（BG）是前脑的一个主要整合系统，参与目标导向行为的组织。BG功能的病理改变会导致严重的运动和认知障碍，如帕金森病中所见。BG研究的最新进展强调了神经振荡和同步在BG正常及病理功能中的作用。正如在几个脑结构中所证明的，这些神经活动模式可以从电耦合神经网络中出现。本综述旨在探讨BG中电突触的存在、功能及假定作用，特别关注纹状体和黑质致密部（SNc），这是BG的两个主要核团，其中神经元耦合的存在和功能特性有最充分的记录。
