Powers D C, Murphy B R, Fries L F, Adler W H, Clements M L
Gerontology Research Education and Clinical Center, Saint Louis Veterans Administration Medical Center, Missouri.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1992 Feb;40(2):163-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01938.x.
To compare young and elderly adults in terms of their immune responses and rates of infection following intranasal vaccination with a live attenuated influenza virus.
Time series, comparing outcomes in young and elderly convenience sample.
Retrospective laboratory analysis of serum and nasal wash specimens collected during prior studies in which young or elderly volunteers had been inoculated with cold-adapted influenza A/Kawasaki/86 (H1N1) reassortant virus.
Johns Hopkins Center for Immunization Research.
Healthy young and elderly adults with pre-vaccination serum hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titers less than or equal to 1:8.
Antibody responses in serum and nasal washes.
The proportion of vaccinees who developed any serum or local antibody response was higher in young compared with elderly subjects (20/20 vs 5/14, P less than 0.0005). Resistance to infection with cold-adapted virus correlated with pre-vaccination levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), serum IgA, and nasal wash IgA antibody to whole virus antigen. Age was highly correlated with a lack of response to vaccine by simple regression, but not when data were adjusted for pre-existing antibody levels.
Cold-adapted reassortant influenza A H1N1 viruses achieve lower rates of infection in elderly than young adults, primarily due to age-related differences in preexisting levels of immunity which may not be reflected by HAI titer.
比较年轻成年人和老年人在接种减毒活流感病毒鼻内疫苗后的免疫反应和感染率。
时间序列研究，比较年轻和老年便利样本的结果。
对先前研究中收集的血清和鼻腔冲洗液标本进行回顾性实验室分析，在这些研究中，年轻或老年志愿者接种了冷适应甲型流感病毒/川崎/86（H1N1）重配病毒。
约翰霍普金斯免疫研究中心。
接种疫苗前血清血凝抑制（HAI）抗体滴度小于或等于1:8的健康年轻和老年成年人。
血清和鼻腔冲洗液中的抗体反应。
与老年受试者相比，年轻受试者中产生任何血清或局部抗体反应的疫苗接种者比例更高（20/20对5/14，P<0.0005）。对冷适应病毒感染的抵抗力与接种疫苗前血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、血清IgA和鼻腔冲洗液中针对全病毒抗原的IgA抗体水平相关。通过简单回归分析，年龄与疫苗无反应高度相关，但在对预先存在的抗体水平进行数据调整后则不然。
冷适应重配甲型H1N1流感病毒在老年人中的感染率低于年轻人，主要是由于与年龄相关的预先存在的免疫水平差异，而HAI滴度可能无法反映这种差异。
