Castles Anne, Davis Chris, Cavalot Pauline, Forster Kenneth
Macquarie Centre for Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2007 Jul;97(3):165-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2007.01.006. Epub 2007 Apr 3.
A masked priming procedure was used to explore developmental changes in the tuning of lexical word recognition processes. Lexical tuning was assessed by examining the degree of masked form priming and used two different types of prime-target lexical similarity: one letter different (e.g., rlay-->PLAY) and transposed letters (e.g., lpay-->PLAY). The performance of skilled adult readers was compared with that of developing readers in Grade 3. The same children were then tested again two years later, when they were in Grade 5. The skilled adult readers showed no form priming, indicating that their recognition mechanisms for these items had become finely tuned. In contrast, the Grade 3 readers showed substantial form priming effects for both measures of lexical similarity. When retested in Grade 5, the developing readers no longer showed significant one letter different priming, but transposed letter priming remained. In general, these results provide evidence for a transition from more broadly tuned to more finely tuned lexical recognition mechanisms and are interpreted in the context of models of word recognition.
采用掩蔽启动程序来探究词汇识别过程调谐中的发展变化。通过检查掩蔽形式启动的程度来评估词汇调谐，并使用两种不同类型的启动-目标词汇相似性：一个字母不同（例如，rlay-->PLAY）和字母换位（例如，lpay-->PLAY）。将熟练的成年读者的表现与三年级正在发展的读者的表现进行比较。这些孩子在两年后上五年级时再次接受测试。熟练的成年读者没有表现出形式启动，这表明他们对这些项目的识别机制已经得到了精细调谐。相比之下，三年级读者在两种词汇相似性测量中都表现出显著的形式启动效应。在五年级重新测试时，正在发展的读者不再表现出显著的一个字母不同启动，但字母换位启动仍然存在。总体而言，这些结果为从更宽泛调谐到更精细调谐的词汇识别机制的转变提供了证据，并在单词识别模型的背景下进行了解释。
