Kozák Norbert, Hayashi Masato
Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Hungary.
J Neurosurg. 2007 Feb;106(2):234-8. doi: 10.3171/jns.2007.106.2.234.
The incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in Japan has been reported to be among the highest in the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of SAH and its trends in Akita Prefecture, Japan.
The incidence rate of SAH between January 1, 1989, and December 31, 1998, was investigated using the prospective Akita Stroke Register. Computed tomography scans were obtained in all suspected cases of SAH. During the study period, 3257 patients with their first SAH were registered. The crude annual incidence rates of SAH in men, women, and both sexes were 20, 33, and 27 per 100,000 population per year, respectively. Age-standardized incidence rates remained stable. Crude incidence rates in women increased. In men the incidence reached a plateau after 55 years of age; in women it peaked in the eighth decade of life. The 28-day case fatality rate was 26.7%, without significant changes. Two diurnal peaks were observed: one at 7 a.m. and another at 5 p.m. The incidence was lowest in summer and highest in spring, in both sexes.
The incidence of SAH in patients in Akita Prefecture is similar to that reported in other Japanese studies. The age-standardized incidence rates are stable. The increasing crude incidence in women is probably attributable to the aging of the Japanese population.
据报道，日本蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的发病率位居世界前列。本研究旨在分析日本秋田县SAH的发病率及其趋势。
利用前瞻性秋田卒中登记系统，调查了1989年1月1日至1998年12月31日期间SAH的发病率。对所有疑似SAH病例均进行了计算机断层扫描。在研究期间，共登记了3257例首次发生SAH的患者。男性、女性以及男女两性SAH的年粗发病率分别为每10万人年20例、33例和27例。年龄标准化发病率保持稳定。女性的粗发病率有所上升。男性发病率在55岁后趋于平稳；女性发病率在80岁时达到峰值。28天病死率为26.7%，无显著变化。观察到两个日高峰：一个在上午7点，另一个在下午5点。男女发病率均在夏季最低，春季最高。
秋田县患者SAH的发病率与其他日本研究报道的相似。年龄标准化发病率稳定。女性粗发病率上升可能归因于日本人口老龄化。
