Kundel Harold L
Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
J Am Coll Radiol. 2006 Jun;3(6):402-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2006.02.023.
Human observers engage in 2 interrelated processes when interpreting medical images: perception and analysis. Perception is the unified awareness of the content of a displayed image that is present while the stimulus is on. Analysis is determining the meaning of the perception in the context of the medical problem that initiated the acquisition of the image. Radiologists have, correctly, regarded image analysis as their primary field of research. They have naively assumed that what they perceive in images is a faithful representation of the images' information content and have not been concerned with perception unless it fails. Failures have stimulated research on quantifying observer performance, defining image quality, and understanding perceptual error. This article traces the historical development of the use of receiver operating characteristic analysis for describing performance, the development of signal-to-noise ratio psychophysical models for defining task-dependent image quality, studies of error in small lesion detection, and the beginnings of studies of the nature of expertise in image interpretation. The history is traced through published articles.
感知和分析。感知是对显示图像内容的统一认知，这种认知在刺激呈现时就已存在。分析则是在引发图像采集的医学问题背景下确定感知的意义。放射科医生正确地将图像分析视为他们的主要研究领域。他们天真地认为自己在图像中所感知到的是图像信息内容的如实呈现，并且除非感知出现失误，否则并不关注感知过程。失误促使人们开展了关于量化观察者表现、定义图像质量以及理解感知误差的研究。本文追溯了用于描述表现的接受者操作特征分析的使用的历史发展、用于定义任务相关图像质量的信噪比心理物理模型的发展、小病灶检测中的误差研究以及图像解读专业知识本质研究的开端。这段历史是通过已发表的文章来追溯的。
