Banerjee Soham, Drew Trafton, Mills Megan K, Auffermann William F
University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.
University of Utah, Department of Psychology, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.
J Med Imaging (Bellingham). 2020 Mar;7(2):022407. doi: 10.1117/1.JMI.7.2.022407. Epub 2019 Dec 31.
Prior research has demonstrated that perceptual training can improve the ability of healthcare trainees in identifying abnormalities on medical images, but it is unclear if the improved performance is due to learning or attentional shift-the diversion of perceptional resources away from other activities to a specified task. Our objective is to determine if research subject performance in perceiving the central venous catheter position on radiographs is improved after perceptional training and if improved performance is due to learning or an attentional shift. Forty-one physician assistant students were educated on the appropriate radiographic position of central venous catheters and then asked to evaluate the catheter position in two sets of radiographic cases. The experimental group was provided perceptional training between case sets one and two. The control group was not. Participants were asked to characterize central venous catheters for appropriate positioning (task of interest) and to assess radiographs for cardiomegaly (our marker for attentional shift). Our results demonstrated increased confidence in localization in the experimental group ( -value ) but not in the control group ( ). The ability of subjects to locate the catheter tip significantly improved in both control and experimental groups. Both the experimental ( ) and control groups ( ) demonstrated equivalent decreased performance in assessing cardiomegaly; the difference between groups was not significant ( ). This suggests the performance improvement was secondary to learning not due to an attentional shift.
先前的研究表明，感知训练可以提高医学生在医学图像上识别异常的能力，但尚不清楚这种表现的提高是由于学习还是注意力转移——即感知资源从其他活动转移到特定任务上。我们的目标是确定经过感知训练后，研究对象在X光片上感知中心静脉导管位置的表现是否有所改善，以及表现的提高是由于学习还是注意力转移。41名医师助理学生接受了关于中心静脉导管正确X光片位置的培训，然后要求他们在两组X光病例中评估导管位置。实验组在第一组病例和第二组病例之间接受了感知训练。对照组没有。参与者被要求对中心静脉导管的正确定位进行描述（感兴趣的任务），并评估X光片是否有心脏扩大（我们用于注意力转移的指标）。我们的结果表明，实验组在定位方面的信心有所增强（P值），而对照组没有。在对照组和实验组中，受试者定位导管尖端的能力均有显著提高。实验组（）和对照组（）在评估心脏扩大方面的表现均同等下降；两组之间的差异不显著（）。这表明表现的提高是学习的结果，而非注意力转移所致。
