Gange A C, Gange E G, Sparks T H, Boddy L
School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK.
Science. 2007 Apr 6;316(5821):71. doi: 10.1126/science.1137489.
Information on responses of higher organisms to climate change is dominated by events in spring. Far less is known about autumnal events and virtually nothing about communities of microorganisms. We analyzed autumnal fruiting patterns of macrofungi over the past 56 years and found that average first fruiting date of 315 species is earlier, while last fruiting date is later. Fruiting of mycorrhizal species that associate with both deciduous and coniferous trees is delayed in deciduous, but not in coniferous, forests. Many species are now fruiting twice a year, indicating increased mycelial activity and possibly greater decay rates in ecosystems.
高等生物对气候变化的响应信息主要集中在春季事件上。对于秋季事件的了解要少得多，而对于微生物群落几乎一无所知。我们分析了过去56年大型真菌的秋季结实模式，发现315种真菌的平均首次结实日期提前，而末次结实日期推迟。与落叶树和针叶树都有关联的菌根物种在落叶林中的结实时间推迟，但在针叶林中没有。现在许多物种每年结实两次，这表明菌丝体活动增加，生态系统中的腐烂率可能更高。
