日本不同吸烟状况人群的预期寿命：日本国家健康与营养调查80数据
Life expectancy among Japanese of different smoking status in Japan: NIPPON DATA80.
作者信息
Murakami Yoshitaka, Ueshima Hirotsugu, Okamura Tomonori, Kadowaki Takashi, Hozawa Atsushi, Kita Yoshikuni, Hayakawa Takehito, Okayama Akira
机构信息
Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan.
出版信息
J Epidemiol. 2007 Mar;17(2):31-7. doi: 10.2188/jea.17.31.
BACKGROUND
The life expectancy is an important measure for describing health status among population. Several studies from the United States and Europe showed the harm of smoking by describing the life expectancies with different smoking status. No such study is examined in Japan, the country with the world's highest life expectancy irrespective of high smoking rate among men.
METHODS
The abridged life table method was applied to calculate the life expectancies of men and women among different smoking status from age 40 until age 85. Age-specific mortality rates stratified by different smoking status were obtained from follow-up data from random sample in Japanese population (NIPPON DATA80).
RESULTS
Proportion of current smokers was 62.9% in men and 8.8% in women at the baseline survey in 1980. The life expectancies of 40-year-old never smokers, ex-smokers and current smokers were 42.1, 40.4, and 38.6 years in men and 45.6, 45.9, and 43.4 years in women. The life expectancy of 40-year-old men who smoked less than one pack per day was 39.0 and was longer than that of those who smoked one or two packs (38.8) and more than two packs (38.1).
CONCLUSION
Life expectancy decreased gradually as the grade of smoking increased in the Japanese population.
背景
预期寿命是描述人群健康状况的一项重要指标。美国和欧洲的多项研究通过描述不同吸烟状况下的预期寿命，揭示了吸烟的危害。在日本，尽管男性吸烟率较高，但该国却是全球预期寿命最高的国家，目前尚无此类研究。
方法
采用简略寿命表法计算40岁至85岁不同吸烟状况下男性和女性的预期寿命。不同吸烟状况分层的年龄别死亡率来自日本人群随机样本（日本数据80）的随访数据。
结果
在1980年的基线调查中，男性当前吸烟者比例为62.9%，女性为8.8%。40岁从不吸烟者、曾经吸烟者和当前吸烟者的预期寿命，男性分别为42.1年、40.4年和38.6年，女性分别为45.6年、45.9年和43.4年。40岁男性中，每天吸烟少于一包者的预期寿命为39.0年，长于每天吸烟一至两包者（38.8年）和每天吸烟超过两包者（38.1年）。
结论
在日本人群中，随着吸烟程度的增加，预期寿命逐渐降低。
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