Bäuml Karl-Heinz, Kuhbandner Christof
Regensburg University, Regensburg, Germany.
Psychol Sci. 2007 Feb;18(2):111-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01857.x.
Repeated retrieval of a subset of previously observed events can cause forgetting of the non-retrieved events. We examined how affective states experienced during retrieval modulate such retrieval-induced forgetting by inducing positive, negative, and neutral moods in subjects immediately before they attempted to retrieve studied items. On the basis of recent work, we hypothesized that positive moods encourage relational processing, which should increase interference from related events and thus enhance retrieval-induced forgetting. By contrast, negative moods should encourage item-specific processing, which should reduce interference and thus reduce such forgetting. Our results are consistent with these predictions. When subjects were in negative moods, repeated retrieval did not cause forgetting of the non-retrieved material, whereas when subjects were in positive and neutral moods, they showed reliable retrieval-induced forgetting. Our findings suggest that the emotions involved during interrogation of a witness can affect the result of repeated interrogations.
重复提取先前观察到的部分事件会导致未被提取的事件被遗忘。我们通过在受试者尝试提取所学项目之前立即诱导他们产生积极、消极和中性情绪，来研究提取过程中体验到的情感状态如何调节这种提取诱导的遗忘。基于最近的研究，我们假设积极情绪会促进关系加工，这应该会增加来自相关事件的干扰，从而增强提取诱导的遗忘。相比之下，消极情绪应该会促进特定项目的加工，这应该会减少干扰，从而减少这种遗忘。我们的结果与这些预测一致。当受试者处于消极情绪时，重复提取不会导致未被提取材料的遗忘，而当受试者处于积极和中性情绪时，他们表现出可靠的提取诱导遗忘。我们的研究结果表明，询问证人时涉及的情绪会影响重复询问的结果。
