Bäuml Karl-Heinz, Hartinger Armin
Universität Regensburg, Germany.
Memory. 2002 May;10(3):215-24. doi: 10.1080/09658210143000362.
We report on two experiments designed to examine how the similarity of retrieval-practised and not-retrieval-practised items influences the amount of retrieval-induced forgetting. Participants studied categorised item lists with each category consisting of exemplars from two different semantic subcategories. Using both the retrieval practice paradigm (Experiment 1) and the output interference paradigm (Experiment 2) we found that the retrieval of a subset of the studied items impaired the subsequent recall of the nonpractised items if the two types of items were fairly dissimilar to each other (same category but different subcategory) but did not induce impairment if the two types of items were highly similar (same category and subcategory). These results indicate that a high degree of similarity of practised and nonpractised items can eliminate retrieval-induced forgetting. They also suggest that forgetting in the retrieval practice paradigm and forgetting in the output interference paradigm are mediated by the same mechanisms. The relation of the present results to other very recent findings about the role of item similarity in retrieval-induced forgetting in discussed.
我们报告了两项实验，旨在研究经过检索练习和未经过检索练习的项目之间的相似性如何影响检索诱发遗忘的程度。参与者学习了分类项目列表，每个类别由来自两个不同语义子类别的范例组成。使用检索练习范式（实验1）和输出干扰范式（实验2），我们发现，如果两种类型的项目彼此相当不相似（同一类别但不同子类别），那么对所学习项目子集的检索会损害随后对未练习项目的回忆，但如果两种类型的项目高度相似（同一类别和子类别），则不会产生损害。这些结果表明，练习项目和未练习项目的高度相似性可以消除检索诱发遗忘。它们还表明，检索练习范式中的遗忘和输出干扰范式中的遗忘是由相同机制介导的。本文结果与最近关于项目相似性在检索诱发遗忘中作用的其他研究结果之间的关系也进行了讨论。
