Fossion P, Linkowski P
Services de Psychiatrie, C.H.U. Brugmann, Bruxelles.
Rev Med Brux. 2007 Jan-Feb;28(1):33-8.
The concept of resilience refers to the capacity of certain individuals either to adapt successfully to adversity, or to function in a competent manner when faced with a traumatic situation. The concept of resilience represents a new paradigm in the field of clinical psychology. It puts into perspective determinist models, whether they be psychological (experiences incurred during the first years of life forever seal the destiny of a subject) or biological (an individual is defined by his/her genes). It permits the study of an individual according to his/her resources and no longer according to his/her faults. Nevertheless, for several years, resilience has suffered from its own success by being frequently used in inappropriate contexts. With the aim of better understanding this concept and of avoiding its determinist and normative distortion, we present here a review of the different factors (psychological, family, sociological and biological factors) contributing to the process of resilience. Moreover, in the discussion, we present some methodological and conceptual issues presented by the concept of resilience.
复原力的概念是指某些个体成功适应逆境的能力，或者在面对创伤性情境时以胜任的方式发挥作用的能力。复原力的概念代表了临床心理学领域的一种新范式。它使决定论模型（无论是心理学的，如生命最初几年的经历永远决定一个人的命运；还是生物学的，如一个人由其基因定义）有了新的视角。它允许根据个体的资源而非其缺陷来研究个体。然而，多年来，复原力因其自身的成功而遭受困扰，因为它经常被用于不恰当的情境中。为了更好地理解这一概念并避免其决定论和规范性的扭曲，我们在此对促成复原力过程的不同因素（心理、家庭、社会学和生物学因素）进行综述。此外，在讨论中，我们提出了复原力概念所呈现的一些方法学和概念性问题。
