Modin Oskar, Fukushi Kensuke, Yamamoto Kazuo
Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
Water Res. 2007 Jun;41(12):2726-38. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.02.053. Epub 2007 Apr 12.
Methane is a potentially inexpensive, widely available electron donor for biological denitrification of wastewater, landfill leachate or drinking water. Although no known methanotroph is able to denitrify, various consortia of microorganisms using methane as the sole carbon source carry out denitrification both aerobically and anaerobically. Aerobic methane-oxidation coupled to denitrification (AME-D) is accomplished by aerobic methanotrophs oxidizing methane and releasing soluble organics that are used by coexisting denitrifiers as electron donors for denitrification. This process has been observed in several laboratory studies. Anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification (ANME-D) was recently discovered and was found to be mediated by an association of an archaeon and bacteria. Methane oxidizing consortia of microorganisms have also been studied for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) of wastewater. This review focuses on the AME-D process, but also encompasses methane oxidation coupled to SND as well as ANME-D.
甲烷是一种潜在的廉价且广泛可用的电子供体，可用于废水、垃圾渗滤液或饮用水的生物反硝化。尽管目前已知的甲烷氧化菌都不能进行反硝化，但各种以甲烷为唯一碳源的微生物群落可在有氧和无氧条件下进行反硝化。有氧甲烷氧化耦合反硝化（AME-D）是由需氧甲烷氧化菌氧化甲烷并释放可溶性有机物来实现的，这些有机物被共存的反硝化菌用作反硝化的电子供体。这一过程已在多项实验室研究中被观察到。厌氧甲烷氧化耦合反硝化（ANME-D）是最近发现的，并且发现它是由古菌和细菌的联合体介导的。微生物的甲烷氧化群落也已被研究用于废水的同步硝化反硝化（SND）。本综述重点关注AME-D过程，但也涵盖了耦合SND的甲烷氧化以及ANME-D。
