Micco Jamie A, Ehrenreich Jill T
Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders at Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
J Anxiety Disord. 2008;22(3):371-85. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.03.009. Epub 2007 Mar 19.
This study examined the effect of situation salience on interpretation and avoidant response biases in clinically anxious and non-clinical children. The relationship between mothers' threat perception and expectations of their children's coping, and children's threat perception and coping expectations was also assessed. Forty clinically anxious and 40 non-clinical children (ages 7-14) participated with their mothers. In response to hypothetical situations, children described their likely thoughts and actions; mothers listed a typical child's thoughts and what their child would do. Consistent with information processing theories of anxiety, anxious children displayed amplified cognitive biases in response to personally salient situations, compared to non-clinical children. Mothers of anxious children had lower expectations for their children's coping than mothers of non-anxious children, mirroring differences between the groups of children. Mothers' expectations of their children's coping predicted children's coping expectations in non-salient and salient situations and threat perception in salient situations. Implications of findings are discussed.
本研究考察了情境显著性对临床焦虑儿童和非临床儿童的解释及回避反应偏差的影响。同时还评估了母亲的威胁感知与对孩子应对方式的期望之间的关系，以及孩子的威胁感知与应对期望之间的关系。40名临床焦虑儿童和40名非临床儿童（7 - 14岁）及其母亲参与了研究。针对假设情境，孩子们描述了他们可能的想法和行为；母亲们列出了一个典型孩子的想法以及她们自己孩子会做的事情。与焦虑的信息加工理论一致，与非临床儿童相比，焦虑儿童在面对个人显著情境时表现出更大的认知偏差。焦虑儿童的母亲对孩子应对方式的期望低于非焦虑儿童的母亲，这反映了两组儿童之间的差异。母亲对孩子应对方式的期望预测了孩子在非显著和显著情境下的应对期望以及在显著情境下的威胁感知。文中讨论了研究结果的意义。
