Gau Vincent, Wong David
GeneFluidics Inc., Monterey Park, CA 91754, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 Mar;1098:401-10. doi: 10.1196/annals.1384.005.
High-impact diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disease, are challenging to diagnose without supplementing clinical evaluation with laboratory testing. Even with laboratory tools, definitive diagnosis often remains elusive. The lack of three crucial elements presents a road block to achieving the potential of clinical diagnostic tests: (1) definitive disease-associated protein and genetic markers, (2) easy and inexpensive sampling methods with minimal discomfort for the subject, and (3) an accurate and quantitative diagnostic platform. Our aim is to develop and validate a solution for requirement (3) and also to develop a portable system. Requirements (1) and (2) will be addressed through the utilization of novel and highly specific oral cancer saliva proteomic and genomic biomarkers and the use of saliva as the biofluid of choice, respectively. The Oral Fluid NanoSensor Test (OFNASET) technology platform combines cutting-edge technologies, such as self-assembled monolayers (SAM), bionanotechnology, cyclic enzymatic amplification, and microfluidics, with several well-established techniques including microinjection molding, hybridization-based detection, and molecular purification. The intended use of the OFNASET is for the point of care multiplex detection of salivary biomarkers for oral cancer. We have demonstrated that the combination of two salivary proteomic biomarkers (thioredoxin and IL-8) and four salivary mRNA biomarkers (SAT, ODZ, IL-8, and IL-1b) can detect oral cancer with high specificity and sensitivity. Our preliminary studies have shown compelling results. We sequentially delivered a serial dilution of IL-8 antigen, probe solution, wash, enzyme solution, wash, and mediator solution to sensor reaction chambers housed in a prototype cartridge and demonstrated strong signal separation at 50 pg/mL above a negative control.
包括癌症、心血管疾病和神经疾病在内的高影响力疾病,若不借助实验室检测来辅助临床评估,诊断起来颇具挑战性。即便有了实验室工具,明确诊断往往仍难以实现。缺乏三个关键要素给临床诊断测试发挥潜力带来了阻碍:(1)明确的疾病相关蛋白质和基因标志物;(2)简便、廉价且让受试者不适感最小的采样方法;(3)准确且定量的诊断平台。我们的目标是开发并验证满足要求(3)的解决方案,同时开发一种便携式系统。要求(1)和(2)将分别通过利用新型且高度特异的口腔癌唾液蛋白质组学和基因组学生物标志物以及选择唾液作为生物流体来解决。口腔液体纳米传感器测试(OFNASET)技术平台将自组装单分子层(SAM)、生物纳米技术、循环酶扩增和微流控等前沿技术与微注射成型、基于杂交的检测和分子纯化等多种成熟技术相结合。OFNASET的预期用途是用于口腔癌唾液生物标志物的即时护理多重检测。我们已经证明,两种唾液蛋白质组学生物标志物(硫氧还蛋白和白细胞介素-8)与四种唾液mRNA生物标志物(SAT、ODZ、白细胞介素-8和白细胞介素-1β)的组合能够以高特异性和高灵敏度检测口腔癌。我们的初步研究已显示出令人信服的结果。我们将白细胞介素-8抗原、探针溶液、清洗液、酶溶液、清洗液和介体溶液的系列稀释液依次注入原型盒中的传感器反应腔,并证明在高于阴性对照50 pg/mL时能实现强信号分离。