Christodoulides Nicolaos, Floriano Pierre N, Miller Craig S, Ebersole Jeffrey L, Mohanty Sanghamitra, Dharshan Priya, Griffin Michael, Lennart Alexis, Ballard Karri L Michael, King Charles P, Langub M Chris, Kryscio Richard J, Thomas Mark V, McDevitt John T
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 Mar;1098:411-28. doi: 10.1196/annals.1384.035.
Salivary secretions contain a variety of molecules that reflect important pathophysiological activities. Quantitative changes of specific salivary biomarkers could have significance in the diagnosis and management of both oral and systemic diseases. Modern point-of-care technologies with enhanced detection capabilities are needed to implement a significant advancement in salivary diagnostics. One such promising technology is the recently described lab-on-a-chip (LOC) assay system, in which assays are performed on chemically sensitized beads populated into etched silicon wafers with embedded fluid handling and optical detection capabilities. Using this LOC system, complex assays can be performed with small sample volumes, short analysis times, and markedly reduced reagent costs. This report describes the use of LOC methodologies to assess the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), C-reactive protein (CRP), and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in whole saliva, and the potential use of these biomarkers for diagnosing and categorizing the severity and extent of periodontitis. This study demonstrates that the results achieved by the LOC approach are in agreement with those acquired with standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with significant IL-1beta and MMP-8 elevations in whole saliva of periodontitis patients. Furthermore, because of the superior detection capacities associated with the LOC approach, unlike those with ELISA, significant differences in CRP levels between periodontitis patients and normal subjects are observed. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) is performed to yield an efficient method to discriminate between periodontally healthy and unhealthy patients, thus increasing the diagnostic value of these biomarkers for periodontitis when examined with the integrated LOC sensor system.
唾液分泌物包含多种反映重要病理生理活动的分子。特定唾液生物标志物的定量变化在口腔和全身疾病的诊断与管理中可能具有重要意义。需要具有增强检测能力的现代即时检测技术来实现唾液诊断的重大进展。一种这样有前景的技术是最近描述的芯片实验室（LOC）检测系统，其中检测在填充到具有嵌入式流体处理和光学检测能力的蚀刻硅片中的化学敏化珠上进行。使用这种LOC系统，可以用少量样品、短分析时间和显著降低的试剂成本进行复杂检测。本报告描述了使用LOC方法评估全唾液中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、C反应蛋白（CRP）和基质金属蛋白酶-8（MMP-8）的水平，以及这些生物标志物在诊断和分类牙周炎严重程度和范围方面的潜在用途。这项研究表明，LOC方法获得的结果与标准酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）获得的结果一致，牙周炎患者全唾液中的IL-1β和MMP-8显著升高。此外，由于LOC方法具有优于ELISA的检测能力，与ELISA不同，观察到牙周炎患者和正常受试者之间CRP水平存在显著差异。最后，进行主成分分析（PCA）以产生一种有效方法来区分牙周健康和不健康患者，从而在用集成LOC传感器系统检测时增加这些生物标志物对牙周炎的诊断价值。
