Ranz J M, Horen B T, McFarlane W R, Zito J M
New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1991 Nov;42(11):1154-9. doi: 10.1176/ps.42.11.1154.
The prevailing approach to rehabilitation in residential care emphasizes goal attainment. This approach often produces considerable stress for residents, most of whom have schizophrenia. Based on the view that low-demand environments, incorporating graduated expectations, may be more appropriate for this patient population, a three-component model for creating and maintaining a calm, supportive environment in a supervised residence was developed. The model utilizes staff psychoeducation, which is based on the principles of family psychoeducation, a highly effective intervention for patients with schizophrenia. The three components of the model are training in supportive interaction, a medication-monitoring program, and a behavioral approach to problem solving. Resident groups promote each of these components. The groups' goals are encouragement of positive, low-key interactions, compliance with medications, and slow, steady rehabilitation.
住院护理中普遍采用的康复方法强调目标达成。这种方法常常给大多数患有精神分裂症的居民带来相当大的压力。基于这样一种观点，即包含逐步期望的低需求环境可能更适合这一患者群体，我们开发了一个三部分模型，用于在有监督的住所营造并维持一个平静、支持性的环境。该模型利用基于家庭心理教育原则的员工心理教育，家庭心理教育是对精神分裂症患者非常有效的一种干预措施。该模型的三个组成部分是支持性互动训练、药物监测计划以及解决问题的行为方法。居民小组促进这些组成部分中的每一个。小组的目标是鼓励积极、低调的互动、药物依从性以及缓慢而稳定的康复。
