Zebrowitz Leslie A, Kikuchi Masako, Fellous Jean-Marc
Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007 May;33(5):648-62. doi: 10.1177/0146167206297399. Epub 2007 Apr 17.
Two studies provided evidence that bolsters the Marsh, Adams, and Kleck hypothesis that the morphology of certain emotion expressions reflects an evolved adaptation to mimic babies or mature adults. Study 1 found differences in emotion expressions' resemblance to babies using objective indices of babyfaceness provided by connectionist models that are impervious to overlapping cultural stereotypes about babies and the emotions. Study 2 not only replicated parallels between impressions of certain emotions and babies versus adults but also showed that objective indices of babyfaceness partially mediated impressions of the emotion expressions. babyface effects were independent of strong effects of attractiveness, and babyfaceness did not mediate impressions of happy expressions, to which the evolutionary hypothesis would not apply.
两项研究提供了证据，支持了马什、亚当斯和克莱克的假设，即某些情绪表达的形态反映了一种进化而来的适应，以模仿婴儿或成熟成年人。研究1使用连接主义模型提供的婴儿脸客观指标，发现情绪表达与婴儿的相似性存在差异，这些指标不受关于婴儿和情绪的重叠文化刻板印象的影响。研究2不仅复制了某些情绪印象与婴儿和成年人之间的相似之处，还表明婴儿脸客观指标部分介导了情绪表达的印象。婴儿脸效应独立于吸引力的强烈影响，并且婴儿脸并没有介导快乐表情的印象，进化假设不适用于快乐表情。
