Schulz Laura E, Gopnik Alison, Glymour Clark
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Dev Sci. 2007 May;10(3):322-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00587.x.
The conditional intervention principle is a formal principle that relates patterns of interventions and outcomes to causal structure. It is a central assumption of experimental design and the causal Bayes net formalism. Two studies suggest that preschoolers can use the conditional intervention principle to distinguish causal chains, common cause and interactive causal structures even in the absence of differential spatiotemporal cues and specific mechanism knowledge. Children were also able to use knowledge of causal structure to predict the patterns of evidence that would result from interventions. A third study suggests that children's spontaneous play can generate evidence that would support such accurate causal learning.
条件干预原则是一种形式原则，它将干预模式和结果与因果结构联系起来。它是实验设计和因果贝叶斯网络形式主义的核心假设。两项研究表明，即使在没有不同时空线索和特定机制知识的情况下，学龄前儿童也可以使用条件干预原则来区分因果链、共同原因和交互因果结构。儿童还能够利用因果结构知识来预测干预所产生的证据模式。第三项研究表明，儿童的自发游戏可以产生支持这种准确因果学习的证据。
