Rowold D J, Luis J R, Terreros M C, Herrera Rene J
Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, University Park, OE 304, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Departamento de Xenetica, Bioquimica e Inmunoloxia, Facultade de Bioloxia, Universidade de Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
J Hum Genet. 2007;52(5):436-447. doi: 10.1007/s10038-007-0132-7. Epub 2007 Apr 20.
Both the Levantine Corridor and the Horn of Africa route have figured prominently in early hominid migrations from Africa to Eurasia. To gauge the importance of these two African-Asian thoroughfares in the demic movements of modern man, we surveyed the mtDNA control region variation and coding polymorphisms of 739 individuals representing ten African and Middle Eastern populations. Two of these collections, Egypt and Yemen, are geographically close to the Levant and Horn of Africa, respectively. In this analysis, we uncover genetic evidence for the preferential use of the Levantine Corridor in the Upper Paleolithic to Neolithic dispersals of haplogroups H, J*, N1b, and T1, in contrast to an overwhelming preference in favor of the Horn of Africa for the intercontinental expansion of M1 during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic. Furthermore, we also observed a higher frequency of sub-Saharan mtDNA compared to NRY lineages in the Middle Eastern collections, a pattern also seen in previous studies. In short, the results of this study suggest that several migratory episodes of maternal lineages occurred across the African-Asian corridors since the first African exodus of modern Homo sapiens sapiens.
黎凡特走廊和非洲之角路线在早期原始人类从非洲向欧亚大陆的迁徙中都占据显著地位。为了评估这两条亚非通道在现代人人口迁移中的重要性，我们调查了代表十个非洲和中东人群的739个人的线粒体DNA控制区变异和编码多态性。其中两个样本，埃及和也门，分别在地理上靠近黎凡特和非洲之角。在这项分析中，我们发现了遗传证据，表明在上旧石器时代到新石器时代，单倍群H、J*、N1b和T1的扩散优先使用黎凡特走廊，与之形成对比的是，在中旧石器时代到上旧石器时代，M1洲际扩张压倒性地倾向于非洲之角。此外，我们还观察到，在中东样本中，撒哈拉以南线粒体DNA的频率高于Y染色体非重组区谱系，此前的研究也发现了这种模式。简而言之，这项研究的结果表明，自现代智人首次从非洲迁出以来，母系谱系发生了几次跨越亚非通道的迁徙事件。
