Matheson Kimberly, Skomorovsky Alla, Fiocco Alexandra, Anisman Hymie
Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1S 5B6.
Stress. 2007 Mar;10(1):75-91. doi: 10.1080/10253890701208313.
Coping is typically thought to be adaptive if it reduces immediate distress and promotes well-being. However, coping strategies might appear beneficial in a given situation, but when considered in the broader stressor context, those situational benefits may actually undermine well-being. Two studies (N = 473 and N = 80 women) demonstrated that, in the context of psychologically or physically abusive dating relationships, coping orientations were rooted in women's stressor history (prior assault trauma) and elevated emotion-focused and lower problem-focused efforts were predictive of greater depressive symptoms. Yet, in response to a stressor video that acted as a reminder of women's abusive experiences (but not to a stressor video unrelated to abuse), affective benefits (lower hostility, higher positive agency) were associated with abused women's emotion-focused coping endorsements, but were not linked to problem-focused coping. It seems that in some contexts, reduced distress might limit active efforts to alter a dysfunctional situation.
通常认为，如果应对方式能够减轻即时痛苦并促进幸福感，那么它就是适应性的。然而，应对策略在特定情况下可能看似有益，但从更广泛的压力源背景来看，这些情境性益处实际上可能会损害幸福感。两项研究（分别有473名和80名女性参与）表明，在心理或身体虐待的恋爱关系背景下，应对取向源于女性的压力源历史（先前的攻击创伤），情绪聚焦努力程度较高而问题聚焦努力程度较低预示着更严重的抑郁症状。然而，对于一段作为女性受虐经历提醒的应激视频（而非与虐待无关的应激视频），情感益处（较低的敌意、较高的积极能动性）与受虐女性的情绪聚焦应对方式认同相关，但与问题聚焦应对方式无关。似乎在某些情况下，痛苦减轻可能会限制改变功能失调状况的积极努力。
