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多发性硬化症患者主观幸福感的预测因素。

Predictors of subjective well-being among individuals with multiple sclerosis.

作者信息

Ryan Kelly A, Rapport Lisa J, Sherman Tanya E, Hanks Robin A, Lisak Robert, Khan Omar

机构信息

Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.

出版信息

Clin Neuropsychol. 2007 Mar;21(2):239-62. doi: 10.1080/13854040600582460.

DOI:10.1080/13854040600582460
PMID:17455016
Abstract

Neuropsychological and psychosocial predictors of subjective well-being (SWB) were examined among 74 persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). The multidimensional construct of SWB was assessed by self-report measures of acute psychological distress, global life satisfaction, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Objective disease-related indices were obtained from medical records and neuropsychological testing. Unawareness of deficit, a frequent aspect of executive function impairments in MS, was measured as the discrepancy between patient self-report of functional abilities and a caregiver's report of the patient's abilities. Results indicate that a substantial proportion of patients experienced diminished SWB and that disease characteristics such as duration and severity have differential relationships to SWB outcomes. Multiple regression analyses indicated that, in the context of a combined predictive model, social support and unawareness of deficit provided unique information in predicting all three aspects of SWB, beyond that accounted for by disease characteristics. Both social support and unawareness of deficit were associated with positive well-being outcomes. Neuropsychological impairment was adversely related to life satisfaction and HRQoL, but it did not add unique information to the prediction of these outcomes. The findings present a unique view of SWB among individuals with MS in the absence of acute exacerbation of the illness.

摘要

在74名多发性硬化症(MS)患者中,研究了主观幸福感(SWB)的神经心理学和社会心理预测因素。通过急性心理困扰、总体生活满意度和健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)的自我报告测量来评估SWB的多维结构。从医疗记录和神经心理学测试中获取客观的疾病相关指标。缺乏自知力是MS执行功能障碍的常见表现,通过患者自我报告的功能能力与照顾者报告的患者能力之间的差异来衡量。结果表明,相当一部分患者的SWB有所下降,疾病特征如病程和严重程度与SWB结果存在不同的关系。多元回归分析表明,在综合预测模型的背景下,社会支持和缺乏自知力在预测SWB的所有三个方面提供了独特的信息,超出了疾病特征所解释的范围。社会支持和缺乏自知力都与积极的幸福感结果相关。神经心理学损伤与生活满意度和HRQoL呈负相关,但在预测这些结果时并未增加独特的信息。这些发现展现了在疾病无急性加重情况下MS患者SWB的独特观点。

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