Tveitnes Dag, Øymar Knut, Natås Olav
Department of Paediatrics, University of Bergen, Norway.
Scand J Infect Dis. 2007;39(5):425-31. doi: 10.1080/00365540601105764.
Acute facial nerve palsy in children may be caused by infection by Borrelia burgdorferi, but the incidence of facial nerve palsy and the proportion of facial nerve palsy caused by Lyme borreliosis may vary considerably between areas. Furthermore, it is not well known how often facial nerve palsy caused by Lyme borreliosis is associated with meningitis. In this population-based study, children admitted for acute facial nerve palsy to Stavanger University Hospital during 9 y from 1996 to 2004 were investigated by a standard protocol including a lumbar puncture. A total of 115 children with facial nerve palsy were included, giving an annual incidence of 21 per 100,000 children. 75 (65%) of these were diagnosed as Lyme borreliosis, with all cases occurring from May to November. Lymphocytic meningitis was present in all but 1 of the children with facial nerve palsy caused by Lyme borreliosis where a lumbar puncture was performed (n = 73). In this endemic area for Borrelia burgdorferi, acute facial nerve palsy in children was common. The majority of cases were caused by Lyme borreliosis, and nearly all of these were associated with lymphocytic meningitis.
儿童急性面神经麻痹可能由伯氏疏螺旋体感染引起，但面神经麻痹的发病率以及莱姆病疏螺旋体病所致面神经麻痹的比例在不同地区可能有很大差异。此外，莱姆病疏螺旋体病所致面神经麻痹与脑膜炎相关的频率尚不清楚。在这项基于人群的研究中，采用包括腰椎穿刺在内的标准方案，对1996年至2004年9年间入住斯塔万格大学医院的急性面神经麻痹儿童进行了调查。共纳入115例面神经麻痹儿童，年发病率为每10万名儿童中有21例。其中75例（65%）被诊断为莱姆病疏螺旋体病，所有病例均发生在5月至11月。在因莱姆病疏螺旋体病导致面神经麻痹且进行了腰椎穿刺的儿童中（n = 73），除1例之外，其余均存在淋巴细胞性脑膜炎。在这个伯氏疏螺旋体病的流行地区，儿童急性面神经麻痹很常见。大多数病例由莱姆病疏螺旋体病引起，并且几乎所有这些病例都与淋巴细胞性脑膜炎有关。
