Øymar Knut, Tveitnes Dag
Department of Paediatrics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
Scand J Infect Dis. 2009;41(2):88-94. doi: 10.1080/00365540802593453.
Neuroborreliosis may be caused by different species of Borrelia burgdorferi (BB) and the clinical presentation of neuroborreliosis in children may differ between geographical areas due to occurrence of different BB genospecies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics in children with neuroborreliosis in an endemic area of Scandinavia. During 1996-2006, children with suspected neuroborreliosis referred to Stavanger University Hospital were investigated by a standard procedure including a lumbar puncture. A total of 143 children were diagnosed with neuroborreliosis, and all cases were diagnosed from April to December. The most common clinical presentations were symptoms of mild meningitis (75%) and/or facial nerve palsy (69%). Radicular pain was present in only 10 children. In all but 5 children, laboratory signs of meningitis were present. Erythema migrans preceded the neurological symptoms in only 27% of the children. In conclusion, we have found that in an endemic area of northern Europe, meningitis is present in the majority of children with neuroborreliosis, and that symptoms of a mild meningitis or facial nerve palsy are the most common presentations.
神经莱姆病可能由不同种类的伯氏疏螺旋体（BB）引起，由于不同BB基因种的出现，儿童神经莱姆病的临床表现可能因地理区域而异。本研究的目的是评估斯堪的纳维亚半岛一个流行地区儿童神经莱姆病的临床特征。在1996年至2006年期间，转诊至斯塔万格大学医院的疑似神经莱姆病儿童按照包括腰椎穿刺在内的标准程序进行了调查。共有143名儿童被诊断为神经莱姆病，所有病例均在4月至12月期间确诊。最常见的临床表现是轻度脑膜炎症状（75%）和/或面神经麻痹（69%）。仅有10名儿童出现神经根性疼痛。除5名儿童外，所有儿童均有脑膜炎的实验室证据。仅有27%的儿童在出现神经症状之前出现游走性红斑。总之，我们发现在北欧的一个流行地区，大多数患有神经莱姆病的儿童存在脑膜炎，轻度脑膜炎或面神经麻痹症状是最常见的表现。
