Halsey Lewis G, White Craig R, Fahlman Andreas, Handrich Yves, Butler Patrick J
Centre for Ornithology, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT UK.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2007 Aug;147(4):1009-14. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.03.009. Epub 2007 Mar 15.
Penguins are known to have high pedestrian locomotory costs in comparison to other cursorial birds, but the ecological consequences of this difference have received limited attention. Here we present a method for the accurate estimation of onshore energetics based on measurements of body mass, simple morphometrics and distance moved. The method is shown to be similarly accurate to other field-based estimates of energy expenditure, but has the advantage of logistical simplicity. King penguins spend 30-50% of their time ashore and may walk distances of several kilometres to and from their breeding colonies. However, in such cases the total energetic cost of pedestrian locomotion is estimated to be only 1.0% of the energy expended whilst ashore. Thus, despite a high instantaneous cost, pedestrian locomotion is a small and possibly negligible component of total energy turnover in king penguins.
与其他善于奔跑的鸟类相比，企鹅的陆地移动能耗很高，但这种差异所带来的生态影响却很少受到关注。在此，我们提出一种基于体重测量、简单形态测量和移动距离来精确估算岸上能量消耗的方法。结果表明，该方法与其他基于实地的能量消耗估算方法同样准确，但具有后勤操作简单的优势。帝企鹅有30%至50%的时间待在岸上，它们可能会往返于繁殖地，行走数公里的距离。然而，在这种情况下，陆地移动的总能量消耗估计仅占上岸时能量消耗的1.0%。因此，尽管即时能耗很高，但陆地移动在帝企鹅的总能量转换中占比很小，可能可以忽略不计。
