Murvoll Kari Mette, Skaare Janneche Utne, Jensen Henrik, Jenssen Bjorn Munro
Department of Biology, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Realfagbygget, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Sci Total Environ. 2007 Aug 1;381(1-3):134-45. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.03.037. Epub 2007 Apr 30.
The aim of the study was to examine associations between persistent organic pollutants and vitamin A (retinol), retinyl palmitate and vitamin E status (alpha-tocopherol) in two species occupying different trophic positions in the Arctic food web. Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), some selected organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) were analyzed in yolk sac of newly hatched chicks of Brünnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia) and common eider (Somateria mollissima) from Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (Norwegian Arctic) (79 degrees N). Morphological variables were measured, and levels of retinol, retinyl palmitate and alpha-tocopherol were analyzed in plasma and liver. Brünnich's guillemot had significantly higher levels of POPs than common eider, as expected from its higher trophic position. Morphological traits seemed to be negatively related to POPs in Brünnich's guillemots, but not in common eiders. In Brünnich's guillemot, negative relationships were found between some OCPs (hexachlorobenzene, oxychlordane, p,p'-DDE) and liver alpha-tocopherol levels. The negative relationships between these OCPs and liver alpha-tocopherol levels in Brünnich's guillemot hatchlings became less evident when the confounding effect of liver mass was corrected for. In common eider positive relationships were found between summed PCB (SigmaPCBs) and some OCPs (beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, oxychlordane) and liver alpha-tocopherol levels. Differences in relationships between POPs and vitamin status in the two species may be related to differences in POP exposure levels linked to their trophic position in the Arctic marine food web, or to intrinsic physiological differences between the species.
本研究的目的是调查北极食物网中处于不同营养级的两个物种体内持久性有机污染物与维生素A（视黄醇）、棕榈酸视黄酯和维生素E状态（α-生育酚）之间的关联。分析了来自挪威北极斯瓦尔巴群岛孔斯峡湾（北纬79度）的厚嘴海鸠（乌燕鸥）和普通绒鸭新孵化雏鸟卵黄囊中的多氯联苯（PCBs）、一些选定的有机氯农药（OCPs）、多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和六溴环十二烷（HBCD）的含量。测量了形态学变量，并分析了血浆和肝脏中视黄醇、棕榈酸视黄酯和α-生育酚的含量。正如从其较高的营养级所预期的那样，厚嘴海鸠体内持久性有机污染物的含量显著高于普通绒鸭。形态特征在厚嘴海鸠中似乎与持久性有机污染物呈负相关，但在普通绒鸭中并非如此。在厚嘴海鸠中，发现一些有机氯农药（六氯苯、氧氯丹、p,p'-滴滴伊）与肝脏α-生育酚水平之间存在负相关。当校正肝脏质量的混杂效应后，厚嘴海鸠幼雏中这些有机氯农药与肝脏α-生育酚水平之间的负相关关系变得不那么明显。在普通绒鸭中，总多氯联苯（ΣPCBs）和一些有机氯农药（β-六氯环己烷、氧氯丹）与肝脏α-生育酚水平之间存在正相关。这两个物种中持久性有机污染物与维生素状态之间关系的差异可能与它们在北极海洋食物网中营养级相关的持久性有机污染物暴露水平差异有关，或者与物种之间的内在生理差异有关。
