Brønnum-Hansen Henrik, Juel Knud, Davidsen Michael, Sørensen Jan
National Institute of Public Health, Øster Farimagsgade 5 A, DK 1399 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Prev Med. 2007 Jul;45(1):49-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.03.010. Epub 2007 Mar 31.
To estimate the impacts of tobacco smoking, high alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and overweight on expected lifetime with and without long-standing, limiting illness.
Life tables for each level of exposure to the risk factors were constructed, mainly on the basis of the Danish National Cohort Study. Expected lifetime without long-standing, limiting illness was estimated for exposed and unexposed persons by combining life tables and prevalence data from the Danish Health Interview Survey 2000 (14,503 participants aged 25+).
The life expectancy of 25-year-olds was 9-10 years shorter for heavy smokers than for those who never smoke, and all the lifetime lost would have been without long-standing, limiting illness. Similarly, all 5 years of expected lifetime lost by men with high alcohol consumption would have been without illness. The expected lifetime without long-standing, limiting illness was 8-10 years shorter among sedentary than physically active people. Obesity shortened lifetime without illness by 5 years for men and ten years for women.
The results of this study could be used in health policy-making, as the potential gains in public health due to interventions against these risk factors could be evaluated, when the prevalence of exposure to the risk factor is available.
评估吸烟、大量饮酒、缺乏身体活动和超重对有无长期限制性疾病情况下预期寿命的影响。
主要基于丹麦全国队列研究构建了每个风险因素暴露水平的生命表。通过结合生命表和2000年丹麦健康访谈调查（14503名年龄在25岁及以上的参与者）的患病率数据，对暴露组和非暴露组人群在无长期限制性疾病情况下的预期寿命进行了估计。
重度吸烟者25岁时的预期寿命比从不吸烟者短9 - 10年，且所有损失的寿命均无长期限制性疾病。同样，大量饮酒的男性损失的5年预期寿命也均无疾病。久坐不动者无长期限制性疾病情况下的预期寿命比身体活跃者短8 - 10年。肥胖使男性无疾病情况下的寿命缩短5年，女性缩短10年。
本研究结果可用于卫生政策制定，因为当已知风险因素暴露率时，可据此评估针对这些风险因素进行干预所带来的潜在公共卫生效益。
