Ginet Magali, Verkampt Fanny
Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Memory. 2007 May;15(4):450-64. doi: 10.1080/09658210601092670.
This research investigated whether a witness's emotion could influence the accuracy of statements obtained by the use of a cognitive interview. A total of 70 first-year university students viewed a video depicting a road accident. Electrodes were attached to their arms in order to send fictitious electric shocks during the video (high-arousal condition) or to measure physiological signs (low-arousal condition). One week later, they were interviewed using either a cognitive interview (CI) or a structured interview (SI). It was hypothesised that the beneficial effect of the cognitive interview would be amplified by a high level of arousal, particularly concerning central aspects of the video. Results indicated that a CI elicited more correct central and peripheral details recalled, whatever the level of arousal inducted during the encoding of the to-be remembered event. Furthermore, high-arousal participants produced more accurate testimonies concerning peripheral details than participants exposed to a low level of arousal. No interaction between interview and emotion was found. The theoretical and practical implications for interviewing witnesses are described.
本研究调查了证人的情绪是否会影响通过认知访谈获取陈述的准确性。共有70名大学一年级学生观看了一段描绘道路交通事故的视频。在观看视频过程中，电极被连接到他们的手臂上，以便发送虚构的电击（高唤醒状态）或测量生理体征（低唤醒状态）。一周后，他们接受了认知访谈（CI）或结构化访谈（SI）。研究假设，高唤醒水平会增强认知访谈的有益效果，尤其是在视频的核心方面。结果表明，无论在对要记忆的事件进行编码时引入的唤醒水平如何，认知访谈都能引出更多被回忆起的正确核心和外围细节。此外，高唤醒水平的参与者比低唤醒水平的参与者提供了关于外围细节的更准确证词。未发现访谈与情绪之间的相互作用。文中描述了对询问证人的理论和实践意义。
