Roscoe Michael John, Gough Suzanne, Orr Robin, Baumann Oliver
Australian Federal Police, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.
School of Psychology and Counseling, Queensland University of Technology, Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 19;10(17):e36562. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36562. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
Police officers often face critical incidents involving armed offenders, requiring the use of force to ensure safety. Eyewitness accounts, including those from officers, are crucial in the justice system but can be unreliable. Techniques such as self-authored statements and structured interviews are used to gather information, but their efficacy in high-stress situations is unclear. Previous research suggests that heightened arousal during memory encoding enhances recall, particularly for central details. This study compares recall methods (statements vs. interviews) for police officers in high-stress versus no-stress situations, focusing on central and peripheral event details. Officers participated in a simulated high-stress incident, providing memory data through both methods. Overall, no significant difference was found in memory scores between the techniques. However, analysis revealed significant differences favoring structured interviews for peripheral information. Recall that central information remained consistent across methods. These findings highlight the need for careful methodology when examining memories formed in stressful contexts.
警察经常面临涉及武装罪犯的危急事件，需要使用武力来确保安全。包括警察在内的目击者陈述在司法系统中至关重要，但可能并不可靠。诸如自行撰写陈述和结构化访谈等技术被用于收集信息，但其在高压力情况下的有效性尚不清楚。先前的研究表明，记忆编码过程中增强的唤醒状态会提高回忆能力，尤其是对于核心细节。本研究比较了高压力与无压力情况下警察的回忆方法（陈述与访谈），重点关注事件的核心和外围细节。警察参与了一次模拟的高压力事件，通过两种方法提供记忆数据。总体而言，两种技术在记忆分数上没有发现显著差异。然而，分析显示在获取外围信息方面，结构化访谈具有显著优势。需要注意的是，核心信息在不同方法中保持一致。这些发现凸显了在研究压力情境下形成的记忆时采用谨慎方法的必要性。
