Perham Nick, Banbury Simon P, Jones Dylan M
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Memory. 2007 May;15(4):465-73. doi: 10.1080/09658210701288244.
Most research on auditory distraction on task performance focuses on those features of the sound that determine a drop in efficiency, with scant regard for examining the processing properties inherent in the focal task. We report how one such property, retrieval strategy, can also influence the degree of disruption by background sound. Using a task that called for the retrieval of realistic train journey information, we showed that retrieval by categories of verbal sequences was not susceptible to disruption by office sound - 65-75 dB(A). However, versions of the task requiring either free or serial recall showed evidence of disruption, a pattern of results consistent with the changing-state account of the irrelevant sound effect, which highlights the key role of serial rehearsal in determining disruption.
大多数关于听觉干扰对任务表现影响的研究都聚焦于声音的那些决定效率下降的特征，而很少关注检查核心任务中固有的处理特性。我们报告了这样一种特性——检索策略——如何也能影响背景声音造成干扰的程度。通过一项要求检索真实火车旅程信息的任务，我们发现按言语序列类别进行检索不易受到65 - 75分贝(A)的办公室声音干扰。然而，该任务的自由回忆或系列回忆版本显示出干扰的迹象，这一结果模式与无关声音效应的变化状态解释一致，该解释强调了系列复述在确定干扰方面的关键作用。
