Speer Leslie L, Cook Anne E, McMahon William M, Clark Elaine
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Autism. 2007 May;11(3):265-77. doi: 10.1177/1362361307076925.
Recent eye tracking studies of face processing have produced differing accounts of how and whether children with autism differ from their typically developing peers. The two groups' gaze patterns appear to differ for dynamic videos of social scenes, but not for static photos of isolated individuals. The present study replicated and extended previous research by comparing the gaze patterns of individuals with and without autism for four types of stimuli: social dynamic, social static, isolated dynamic, and isolated static. Participants with autism differed from their typically developing peers only for social-dynamic stimuli; fixation durations were decreased for eye regions and increased for body regions. Further, these fixation durations predicted scores on a measure of social responsiveness. These findings reconcile differences in previous reports by identifying the specific social and dynamic task components associated with autism-related face processing impairments.
最近关于面部处理的眼动追踪研究，对自闭症儿童与发育正常的同龄人在面部处理方式及是否存在差异方面给出了不同的说法。对于社交场景的动态视频，这两组人的注视模式似乎有所不同，但对于孤立个体的静态照片则不然。本研究通过比较患有和未患有自闭症的个体在四种类型刺激下的注视模式，重复并扩展了先前的研究：社交动态、社交静态、孤立动态和孤立静态。患有自闭症的参与者仅在社交动态刺激方面与发育正常的同龄人存在差异；对眼部区域的注视持续时间减少，而对身体区域的注视持续时间增加。此外，这些注视持续时间预测了社交反应性测量指标上的得分。这些发现通过识别与自闭症相关的面部处理障碍相关的特定社交和动态任务成分，调和了先前报告中的差异。
