Akechi Hironori, Senju Atsushi, Kikuchi Yukiko, Tojo Yoshikuni, Osanai Hiroo, Hasegawa Toshikazu
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Child Dev. 2009 Jul-Aug;80(4):1134-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01321.x.
Two experiments investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) integrate relevant communicative signals, such as gaze direction, when decoding a facial expression. In Experiment 1, typically developing children (9-14 years old; n = 14) were faster at detecting a facial expression accompanying a gaze direction with a congruent motivational tendency (i.e., an avoidant facial expression with averted eye gaze) than those with an incongruent motivational tendency. Children with ASD (9-14 years old; n = 14) were not affected by the gaze direction of facial stimuli. This finding was replicated in Experiment 2, which presented only the eye region of the face to typically developing children (n = 10) and children with ASD (n = 10). These results demonstrated that children with ASD do not encode and/or integrate multiple communicative signals based on their affective or motivational tendency.
两项实验探究了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童在解读面部表情时是否会整合相关的交流信号，比如注视方向。在实验1中，发育正常的儿童（9至14岁；n = 14）在检测伴有具有一致动机倾向的注视方向的面部表情（即，回避的面部表情伴有目光转移）时，比检测具有不一致动机倾向的面部表情时速度更快。患有ASD的儿童（9至14岁；n = 14）不受面部刺激注视方向的影响。这一发现在实验2中得到了重复，实验2仅向发育正常的儿童（n = 10）和患有ASD的儿童（n = 10）呈现面部的眼睛区域。这些结果表明，患有ASD的儿童不会根据情感或动机倾向对多种交流信号进行编码和/或整合。
