Debarry Jennifer, Garn Holger, Hanuszkiewicz Anna, Dickgreber Nina, Blümer Nicole, von Mutius Erika, Bufe Albrecht, Gatermann Sören, Renz Harald, Holst Otto, Heine Holger
Division of Innate Immunity, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine, and Biosciences, Borstel, Germany.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Jun;119(6):1514-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.03.023. Epub 2007 May 3.
Children who grow up in a farming environment show lower levels of atopic sensitization, hay fever, and asthma than children of the same age not living in such an environment. A number of investigations provided good evidence that this is due to an early-life contact with cowsheds, farm animals, and/or consumption of products like raw milk. Also, it had been indicated that microorganisms might have an important effect on the development of allergies, and thus the question arose of which farm microbial organisms, their products, or both might induce or influence allergy-protective mechanisms.
We sought to gain further insight into the potential allergy-protective properties of microbes isolated from the farming environment.
Of a number of bacterial species identified in cowsheds of farms, 2 were selected, isolated, and characterized, namely Acinetobacter lwoffii F78 and Lactococcus lactis G121. The isolates were investigated with regard to their activation of pattern-recognition receptors, the maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, the T(H)1-polarizing Notch ligand expression, and their influence on the allergic phenotype.
It is shown that both bacterial isolates were able to reduce allergic reactions in mice, to activate mammalian cells in vitro, and to induce a T(H)1-polarizing program in dendritic cells.
Our data strongly support the hygiene hypothesis, which states that an environment rich in microbiologic structures, such as a farming environment, might protect against the development of allergies.
This work provides the first data on a potential application of cowshed bacteria in allergy protection.
在农场环境中长大的儿童，其特应性致敏、花粉症和哮喘的发生率低于未生活在这种环境中的同龄儿童。多项调查提供了充分证据，表明这是由于早年接触牛棚、农场动物和/或食用生牛奶等产品所致。此外，有研究表明微生物可能对过敏的发展具有重要影响，因此出现了这样一个问题：哪些农场微生物、它们的产物，或者两者都可能诱导或影响过敏保护机制。
我们试图进一步了解从农场环境中分离出的微生物的潜在过敏保护特性。
从农场牛棚中鉴定出的多种细菌物种中，选择、分离并鉴定了两种细菌，即鲁氏不动杆菌F78和乳酸乳球菌G121。对这些分离菌株进行了模式识别受体激活、人单核细胞衍生树突状细胞成熟、炎性细胞因子上调、T(H)1极化Notch配体表达以及它们对过敏表型影响的研究。
结果表明，两种细菌分离株均能够减轻小鼠的过敏反应，在体外激活哺乳动物细胞，并在树突状细胞中诱导T(H)1极化程序。
我们的数据有力地支持了卫生假说，该假说认为富含微生物结构的环境，如农场环境，可能预防过敏的发生。
这项工作提供了关于牛棚细菌在过敏保护方面潜在应用的首批数据。
