Mendes-de-Almeida Flavya, Labarthe Norma, Guerrero Jorge, Faria Maria Carolina Ferreira, Branco Aline Serricella, Pereira Cássia Dias, Barreira Jairo Dias, Pereira Maria Julia Salim
Fundação RIOZOO, Parque da Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, RJ, Brazil.
Vet Parasitol. 2007 Jun 20;147(1-2):9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.03.035. Epub 2007 May 3.
Similar to other urban areas where food and shelter are abundant, the zoological garden of Rio de Janeiro has dealt for years with a colony of feral or semi-feral domestic cats. A survey was conducted during 2002-2004 as a follow-up to a previous study in 2001 of the cat colony to identify pathogens circulating among the population and to annually follow the status of the cats to analyze morbidity coefficients and associations among infections and infestations identified in the colony. During the 3 years of the present study, 75 cats were sampled at least once, including 44 that were caught and examined only once, 14 that were examined twice, and 17 that were examined three times. For each cat that was caught, records were kept regarding sex, age, general health, and the presence of ectoparasites. Each year, a blood sample was taken for hematologic testing, platelet count, hemoparasite detection, antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, and retrovirus detection. Blood counts were within normal range for the majority of cats tested. Feline immunodeficiency virus, fleas, and lice were detected in all years; however, incidence rates for each of these varied significantly throughout the years. Prevalence of Cytauxzoon spp., Mycoplasma spp., T. gondii infections were variable among the 3 years, although differences were not significant. Prevalence of feline leukemia virus increased significantly over the 3 years. Mycoplasma spp. and flea infestations were significantly associated, but no other associations among the pathogens were detected. Over the 3 years, the rate of new cat introductions decreased, and the pathogens showed a tendency to disseminate throughout the colony; however, there was virtually no evidence of clinically detectable disease. Therefore, it seems that stabilizing the population by a judicious control program facilitated the distribution of the pathogens throughout the colony, while the general well-being of the cats was not seriously affected.
与其他食物和住所充足的城市地区类似，里约热内卢动物园多年来一直应对一群野生或半野生的家猫。2002年至2004年期间进行了一项调查，作为对2001年先前关于猫群研究的后续行动，以确定猫群中传播的病原体，并每年跟踪猫的状况，分析发病率系数以及在猫群中发现的感染和寄生虫感染之间的关联。在本研究的3年中，75只猫至少被采样一次，其中44只仅被捕获并检查一次，14只被检查两次，17只被检查三次。对于每只被捕获的猫，记录其性别、年龄、总体健康状况和体外寄生虫的存在情况。每年采集一份血样进行血液学检测、血小板计数、血液寄生虫检测、弓形虫抗体检测和逆转录病毒检测。大多数接受检测的猫的血细胞计数在正常范围内。所有年份均检测到猫免疫缺陷病毒、跳蚤和虱子；然而，这些疾病的发病率在各年份之间有显著差异。在这3年中，细胞内原虫属、支原体属、弓形虫感染的患病率各不相同，尽管差异不显著。猫白血病病毒的患病率在这3年中显著增加。支原体属与跳蚤感染显著相关，但未检测到其他病原体之间的关联。在这3年中，新引入猫的比率下降，病原体有在整个猫群中传播的趋势；然而，几乎没有临床可检测疾病的证据。因此，通过明智的控制计划稳定猫群数量似乎促进了病原体在整个猫群中的传播，而猫的总体健康并未受到严重影响。
