Goh Winston D, Goh Chang Khiang
Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117570.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Dec;13(6):978-84. doi: 10.3758/bf03213912.
We examined the influence of semantic similarity and proactive interference (PI) on the word length effect (WLE) in immediate serial recall. Word length was manipulated by comparing memory for monosyllabic versus multisyllabic words. PI effects were evaluated by manipulating semantic similarity in the to-be-remembered lists and examining its impact on the WLE's magnitude across eight-trial blocks. Words were sampled from a single semantic category across the entire block, from a single category within the list, or from different categories. Robust WLEs were observed in single-category blocks and when words were from different categories. However, when all the within-list words were from the same semantic category, the WLE was sharply attenuated. Except for the within-list semantic similarity condition, there was a buildup in PI levels in the form of protrusion errors across trials. However, the magnitude of the WLE did not increase with the PI buildup, suggesting that it was not affected by PI across trials.
我们研究了语义相似性和前摄干扰（PI）对即时系列回忆中词长效应（WLE）的影响。通过比较单音节词和多音节词的记忆来操纵词长。通过操纵待记忆列表中的语义相似性，并检查其对八个试验块中WLE大小的影响来评估PI效应。在整个试验块中，单词从单一语义类别中抽取，或从列表中的单个类别中抽取，或从不同类别中抽取。在单类别试验块以及单词来自不同类别的情况下，观察到了强烈的词长效应。然而，当列表中的所有单词都来自同一语义类别时，词长效应会急剧减弱。除了列表内语义相似性条件外，在各试验中，以突出错误的形式出现了前摄干扰水平的累积。然而，词长效应的大小并没有随着前摄干扰的累积而增加，这表明它在各试验中不受前摄干扰的影响。
