Nguyen Simone P
Department of Psychology, Univerity of North Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28403-5612, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2007 May;43(3):719-31. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.719.
Items commonly belong to many categories. Cross-classification is the classification of a single item into more than one category. This research explored 2- to 6-year-old children's use of 2 different category systems for cross-classification: script (e.g., school-time items, birthday party items) and taxonomic (e.g., animals, clothes). The results of Experiments 1 and 2 show that by a young age, children are able to cross-classify items into both category systems. Experiment 3 found that children mentally represent cross-classified items as simultaneously belonging to both taxonomic and script categories. Experiment 4 found that children often, but do not always, spontaneously activate taxonomic and script cross-classifications. Overall, the results demonstrate that from an early age children form and use both taxonomic and script categories for cross-classification.
物品通常属于多个类别。交叉分类是指将单个物品归入多个类别。本研究探讨了2至6岁儿童对两种不同类别系统进行交叉分类的使用情况：脚本类别（例如上学时间的物品、生日派对物品）和分类类别（例如动物、衣服）。实验1和实验2的结果表明，儿童在很小的时候就能将物品交叉分类到这两种类别系统中。实验3发现，儿童在心理上把交叉分类的物品表征为同时属于分类类别和脚本类别。实验4发现，儿童经常但并不总是自发地激活分类和脚本交叉分类。总体而言，结果表明儿童从很小的时候就形成并使用分类类别和脚本类别进行交叉分类。
