Guarino Vincenzo, Causa Filippo, Ambrosio Luigi
Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials (IMCB-CNR), Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy.
Expert Rev Med Devices. 2007 May;4(3):405-18. doi: 10.1586/17434440.4.3.405.
Bone and ligament injuries present the greatest challenges in connective tissue regeneration. The design of materials for these applications lies at the forefront of material science and is the epitome of its current ambition. Indeed, its goal is to design and fabricate reproducible, bioactive and bioresorbable 3D scaffolds with tailored properties that are able to maintain their structure and integrity for predictable times, even under load-bearing conditions. Unfortunately, the mechanical properties of today's available porous scaffolds fall short of those exhibited by complex human tissues, such as bone and ligament. The manipulation of structural parameters in the design of scaffolds and their bioactivation, through the incorporation of soluble and insoluble signals capable of promoting cell activities, are discussed as possible strategies to improve the formation of new tissues both in vitro and in vivo. This review focuses on the different approaches adopted to develop bioactive composite systems for use as temporary scaffolds for bone and anterior ligament regeneration.
骨骼和韧带损伤在结缔组织再生中带来了最大挑战。用于这些应用的材料设计处于材料科学的前沿，是其当前目标的缩影。实际上，其目标是设计和制造具有可定制特性的可重复、生物活性和可生物吸收的三维支架，即使在承重条件下，这些支架也能在可预测的时间内保持其结构和完整性。不幸的是，当今可用的多孔支架的力学性能低于诸如骨骼和韧带等复杂人体组织所表现出的性能。通过纳入能够促进细胞活动的可溶性和不可溶性信号来操纵支架设计中的结构参数及其生物活化，被作为在体外和体内改善新组织形成的可能策略进行了讨论。本综述重点关注为用作骨骼和前韧带再生的临时支架而开发生物活性复合系统所采用的不同方法。
