Salmon Marla E, Yan Jean, Hewitt Hermi, Guisinger Victoria
Lillian Carter Center for International Nursing, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Health Serv Res. 2007 Jun;42(3 Pt 2):1354-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00708.x.
To (1) provide a contextual analysis of the Caribbean region with respect to forces shaping the current and emerging nursing workforce picture in the region; (2) discuss country-specific case(s) within the Caribbean; and (3) describe the Managed Migration Program as a potential framework for addressing regional and global nurse migration issues.
The Caribbean is in the midst of a crisis of shortages of nurses with an average vacancy rate of 42 percent. Low pay, poor career prospects, and lack of education opportunities are among the reasons nurses resign. Many of these nurses look outside the region for job opportunities in the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, and other countries. Compounding the situation is the lack of resources to train nurses to fill the vacancies. The Managed Migration Program of the Caribbean is a multilateral, cross-sector, multi-interventional, long-term strategy for developing and maintaining an adequate supply of nurses for the region.
The Managed Migration Program of the Caribbean has made progress in establishing regional support for addressing the nursing shortage crisis and developing a number of interesting initiatives such as training for export and temporary migration. Recommendations to move the Managed Migration Program of the Caribbean forward focus on advocacy, integration of the program into regional policy decisions, and integration of the program with regional health programming.
（1）针对影响加勒比地区当前及未来护理劳动力状况的各种力量，对该地区进行背景分析；（2）讨论加勒比地区内特定国家的案例；（3）将管理式移民计划描述为解决地区及全球护士移民问题的一个潜在框架。
加勒比地区正处于护士短缺危机之中，平均空缺率达42%。低薪、糟糕的职业前景以及缺乏教育机会是护士辞职的部分原因。这些护士中有许多人将目光投向该地区以外，到英国、加拿大、美国及其他国家寻找工作机会。使情况更为复杂的是，缺乏培训护士以填补空缺的资源。加勒比地区的管理式移民计划是一项多边、跨部门、多干预的长期战略，旨在为该地区培养并维持充足的护士供应。
加勒比地区的管理式移民计划在为解决护理短缺危机建立区域支持以及开展一些诸如输出培训和临时移民等有趣举措方面取得了进展。推动加勒比地区管理式移民计划前进所提出的建议集中在宣传、将该计划纳入区域政策决策以及将该计划与区域卫生规划相结合。
