Knobel Robin, Holditch-Davis Diane
School of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2007 May-Jun;36(3):280-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2007.00149.x.
Extremely low-birthweight infants have inefficient thermoregulation due to immaturity and may exhibit cold body temperatures after birth and during their first 12 hours of life. Hypothermia in these infants can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Anecdotal notes made during our recent study revealed extremely low-birthweight infants' temperatures decreased with caregiver procedures such as umbilical line insertion, intubations, obtaining chest x-rays, manipulating intravenous lines, repositioning, suctioning, and taking vital signs during the first 12 hours of life. Therefore, nursing interventions should be undertaken to prevent heat loss during these caregiver procedures. Nurses can improve the thermal environment for extremely low-birthweight infants by prewarming the delivery room and placing the infant in a plastic bag up to the neck during delivery room stabilization to prevent heat loss.
极低出生体重儿由于发育不成熟，体温调节功能不完善，出生后及出生后的头12小时内可能会出现体温过低的情况。这些婴儿的体温过低会导致发病率和死亡率增加。我们最近的研究中所做的轶事记录显示，在出生后头12小时内，极低出生体重儿的体温会随着诸如脐静脉置管、插管、拍摄胸部X光片、操作静脉输液管、翻身、吸痰和测量生命体征等护理操作而下降。因此，应采取护理干预措施，以防止在这些护理操作过程中热量散失。护士可以通过预热产房，并在产房稳定婴儿状态时将婴儿置于塑料袋中直至颈部，来改善极低出生体重儿的热环境，以防止热量散失。
