Jansen Esther, Mulkens Sandra, Jansen Anita
Faculty of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Appetite. 2007 Nov;49(3):572-7. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2007.03.229. Epub 2007 Apr 7.
Overweight is becoming more prevalent in children. Parents' behaviours play an important role in children's eating behaviour and weight status. In addition to modelling and providing meals, parents also have an influence by using control techniques. One frequently used technique is restriction of intake. In this study, it was tested whether a prohibition of food in the first phase would lead to an increase in desire for the target food and overeating in the second phase. Sure enough, desire increased significantly in the prohibition group, whereas it remained constant in the no-prohibition group. Though no significant differences between groups were found in the absolute consumption of the target food, the proportion of consumed target food (target food intake/total food intake) was significantly higher in the prohibition group. Finally, children whose parents imposed either very little or a lot of restriction at home consumed more kilocalories during the whole experiment, as opposed to children who were exposed to a moderate level of restriction at home. These data indicate that restriction can have adverse effects on children's food preference and caloric intake.
超重现象在儿童中越来越普遍。父母的行为在儿童的饮食行为和体重状况中起着重要作用。除了树立榜样和提供膳食外，父母还通过使用控制技巧产生影响。一种常用的技巧是限制摄入量。在本研究中，测试了在第一阶段禁止某种食物是否会导致在第二阶段对该目标食物的欲望增加和暴饮暴食。果然，禁止组的欲望显著增加，而无禁止组的欲望保持不变。虽然在目标食物的绝对摄入量上未发现组间有显著差异，但禁止组中目标食物的消费比例（目标食物摄入量/总食物摄入量）显著更高。最后，与在家中受到适度限制的儿童相比，在家中父母施加极少或大量限制的儿童在整个实验期间消耗的卡路里更多。这些数据表明，限制可能会对儿童的食物偏好和热量摄入产生不利影响。
