Jiménez M, Mateo R, Mateo J J, Huerta T, Hernández E
Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Valencia, Spain.
Mycopathologia. 1991 Sep;115(3):163-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00462220.
Sixty-four wheat samples from Spanish flour factories were screened for patulin and patulin-producing moulds. None of them was found to contain any patulin, whereas samples experimentally contaminated with this toxin proved it to be highly unstable. On the other hand, Penicillium griseofulvum was the only in vitro patulin-producing species found (19 samples). Mould growth in the samples was investigated by using yeast-sucrose medium (YES) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure the amounts of toxin produced during 40 day's incubation at 20 and 28 degrees C. The highest yield rate of patulin was obtained between the 20th and 30th day of incubation; such a rate, however, was very low throughout the vigorous growth phase, during the first 20 days of incubation. The more appropriate temperature for incubation and patulin production was 28 degrees C. We also investigated the influence of other incubation conditions in the yield and found stationary dark cultures to be more efficient that shaken or fermentation cultures in YES medium. The best patulin yield achieved was 11.9 mg in the culture broth and 6.3 mg in the mycelium from 100 ml of medium.
对来自西班牙面粉厂的64个小麦样品进行了展青霉素及产展青霉素霉菌的筛查。结果发现，这些样品均不含展青霉素，而经该毒素实验性污染的样品则证明其极不稳定。另一方面，灰黄青霉是唯一在体外发现的产展青霉素菌种（19个样品）。通过使用酵母 - 蔗糖培养基（YES）和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）研究了样品中的霉菌生长情况，以测量在20℃和28℃下40天培养期间产生的毒素量。展青霉素的最高产率在培养的第20天至第30天之间获得；然而，在培养的前20天的旺盛生长阶段，该产率一直很低。更适合培养和产展青霉素的温度是28℃。我们还研究了其他培养条件对产量的影响，发现静止黑暗培养在YES培养基中比振荡或发酵培养更有效。在100ml培养基的培养液中获得的最佳展青霉素产量为11.9mg，在菌丝体中为6.3mg。
