Johansen Christoffer
Department of Psychosocial Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Acta Oncol. 2007;46(4):441-5. doi: 10.1080/02841860701316057.
Rehabilitation of cancer patients include a broad range of activities aimed at information, counselling, advices on possible change of lifestyle and behaviour, psychological support, social welfare questions, ways of coping with side-effects of the anti-carcinogenic treatment given and additional treatment of numerous clinical problems. The change in the age distribution combined with the growing number of cancer survivors and the scarce economic resources allocated to 'after-treatment' clinical follow-up of cancer patients, even in the Scandinavian countries characterised by their public tax financed health system, emphasize the need for screening of rehabilitation needs among cancer patients. There is a need to identify patients in need for psychological and social intervention. However, this intervention among cancer patients in need has to be based on results achieved in clinical studies. This paper gives a brief introduction to the field of rehabilitation research and indicates a number of areas in which research would be of benefit for the clinical organisation of rehabilitation activities. These areas include the implication of social inequality, a characterisation of cancer patients who rehabilitate successfully, the gender perspective in rehabilitation, the age perspective, how to establish cancer disease specific rehabilitation modules, family and community aspects of rehabilitation, the dilemma between individual responsibility for lifestyle changes and feelings of guilt and the need for models which can determine the best timing of the intervention among cancer patients.
癌症患者的康复包括一系列广泛的活动，旨在提供信息、咨询、就生活方式和行为的可能改变提供建议、心理支持、社会福利问题、应对抗癌治疗副作用的方法以及对众多临床问题的额外治疗。年龄分布的变化，加上癌症幸存者数量的增加以及分配给癌症患者“治疗后”临床随访的经济资源稀缺，即使在以公共税收资助的卫生系统为特征的斯堪的纳维亚国家，也凸显了筛查癌症患者康复需求的必要性。有必要识别需要心理和社会干预的患者。然而，对有需要的癌症患者进行的这种干预必须基于临床研究取得的成果。本文简要介绍了康复研究领域，并指出了一些研究领域，这些研究将有利于康复活动的临床组织。这些领域包括社会不平等的影响、成功康复的癌症患者的特征、康复中的性别视角、年龄视角、如何建立针对特定癌症疾病的康复模块、康复的家庭和社区方面、生活方式改变的个人责任与内疚感之间的困境以及需要能够确定癌症患者最佳干预时机的模型。
